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Mandibular Fractures in the United States: A temporal analysis of the national trauma data bank
Lamb, Patrick M.D.
Adik, Kevin B.S.
Francis, Ashish M.D.
Childs, Dylan M.D.
Vinyard, Chris Ph.D.
Summa Health
2021-01-31
Presenter: Patrick Lamb
Affidavit:
Patrick Lamb
Director Name: Ananth Murthy
Author Category: Fellow Plastic Surgery
Presentation Category: Clinical
Abstract Category: Craniomaxillofacial
The mandible is one of the most fractured bones in the maxillofacial region. Several mechanisms cause mandibular fractures with assaults, motor vehicle accidents and falls being most frequent. Mandibular fractures can be singular or multiple and occur throughout the jaw. Among previous epidemiologic studies, few focus on mandibular fractures in the United States. The most recent exploration of the National Trauma Data Bank, was taken from mandibular fractures occurring in 2001-2005 (Afrooz et al., J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg., 2015, 73:2361-66). We review the 2017 National Trauma Data Bank including 20,391 patients with 29,922 fractures, making this the largest assessment of mandibular fractures. Overall, mandibular fractures account for approximately 2% of all traumas reported. The most common age range of patients was 25-34 at 23.8% followed by 18-24 year-olds at 20.6%. Males were more commonly involved than females accounting for 78% of fractures. The mandibular body was most commonly fractured (19.2%) followed closely by the condyle (17.6%), angle (17.6%) and symphysis (17.2%). The most common mechanisms were assault (37%), followed by motor vehicle accidents (22%) and falls (20%). Compared to data from 2001-2005, there was a decrease in frequency of assaults (-5.6%) and motor vehicle accidents (-9.2%) and an increased frequency of falls (+5%). Specifically, there was a noted increase in mandibular fractures from falls in females greater than 45 years old. Examination of temporal trends in mechanisms and fracture patterns from this large retrospective study may aid clinicians in diagnosis and inform public safety policies aimed at reducing these injuries.
