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Applying the absolute quantification of osteogenic gene expression to healing critical size defects in calvaria: The use of growth-factor-printed acellular dermal matrix
Samantha Zwiebel, Kaveh Varghai, Sima Molavi, Emily Wirtz, Hooman Riazi, Arun Gosain, Davood Varghai
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
2015-03-15
Presenter: Emily Wirtz
Affidavit:
The work regarding this project is the original work of the submitting author. The idea for the project originated from a faculty member. Samantha played a major role in designing the study, approval of the study, acquisition of materials, and the analysis and interpretation of the data. She drafted the abstract and received revision from other authors. She is the recipient of the AOA Carolyn Kuckein Student Research Fellowship for this project.
Director Name: Hooman Soltanian
Author Category: Medical Student
Presentation Category: Basic Science Research
Abstract Category: Craniomaxillofacial
Background: Bioprinting of growth factors onto accellular dermal matrix (ADM) is being developed as a treatment for critical size defects (CSD), targeting the pediatric population. Previously, absolute qPCR was used to determine gene expression of growth factors in murine juvenile subjects undergoing osteogenesis in response to creation of calvarial defects. Dura samples for qPCR were taken at postoperative days (POD) 3, 7, and 14.
Methods: 45 rats underwent surgery to create unilateral calvarial CSD using a trephine drill. Subjects were assigned to the control group (no treatment), ADM-only, ADM bioprinted a single growth factor (IGF1, BMP2, TGF1, or FGF2), or ADM bioprinted with a combination of growth factors in ratios mimicking those found previously by qPCR at POD3, 7, and 14. Subjects underwent micro-CT scanning to evaluate defect size at POD1 and 12 weeks.
Results: All groups exhibited significant differences between POD1 and week 12 defect size. All groups except TGF1 and ADM-only exhibited greater osteogenesis than the Control group (40.5%). Only the group with ADM bioprinted to mimic POD3 qPCR results (69.6%) showed significantly greater regeneration than the Control (p=0.036) and ADM-only (26.6%, p=0.018) groups.
Conclusions: While individual growth factors can enhance osteogenesis, the presence of growth factors in a ratio that mimics natural osteogenesis in juveniles promotes significantly greater healing.
