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Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Orofacial Clefting Prevalence
C. Lendon Mullens, Russell E. Mathews, Ian L. McCulloch, Kristen M. Hardy, A. Corde Mason
West Virginia University
2018-01-14
Presenter: C. Lendon Mullens
Affidavit:
I certify that the material proposed for presentation in this abstract has not been published in any scientific journal or previously presented at a major meeting. The submitting and presenting author of the work for this project has been predominately been accomplished through their efforts. He conceived and developed the majority of the study design with assistance of the faculty and resident co-authors, acquired most, analyzed all and interpreted all data and was responsible for the majority of drafting the abstract text with the assistance and guidance of the more senior authors on the abstract.
Director Name: Aaron C. Mason
Author Category: Medical Student
Presentation Category: Clinical
Abstract Category: Craniomaxillofacial
Introduction: Orofacial clefting is the most common developmental craniofacial malformation with a prevalence around 1 in 700. Causal etiologies largely remain unknown. West Virginia is the epicenter of the current opioid crisis in the US, which has led to a large proportion of inborn infants recovering from neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) due to in-utero narcotics exposure. We sought to characterize the prevalence of orofacial clefting in infants with NAS.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed live births at our institution from 2013-2017 to determine the prevalence of orofacial clefting in our general inborn population compared to infants born with concomitant NAS.
Results: There were 11,599 live births in the study period, 1179 of which had documented diagnosis of NAS. 33 patients developed orofacial clefting, 8 of whom were recovering from NAS. Odds ratios for developing orofacial clefting, isolated cleft palate, and isolated cleft lip each compared to the general population were found to be 3.16 (p=.005), 3.95 (p=.004), and 1.97 (p=.383), respectively. Additionally, analyses were performed comparing the NAS and general inborn populations in order to control for potential confounding variables influencing the NAS population.
Conclusion: Prevalence of orofacial clefting in infants with NAS in our population was higher than the general population of live births. Isolated cleft palate, specifically, was significantly more prevalent in NAS patients compared to the general population in this cohort. Future efforts will involve a statewide registry to capture all live births in the state detailing the incidence of NAS, clefting, and associations between the two.
